Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubugenzuzi abaguzi ba CNC bagomba gusaba? 

Umuguzi wa CNC utunganya ibice bigura umunara crane inkunga yo hasi igomba gusaba ibimenyetso bifatika bihuza igishushanyo cyemewe nikintu cyoherejwe. Nibura, iyo paki igomba kwerekana ibishushanyo mbonera, ibiyikubiyemo hamwe nibishobora gukurikiranwa, gutandukana byemewe, gusudira no kugenzura inyandiko zisabwa n'amasezerano, ibisubizo bingana kumikorere yimikorere, gupima ibikoresho, gupima no gusubiramo amateka, kugenzura-kurinda, no gutanga uburenganzira bwa nyuma. Icyemezo cyangwa raporo yanditseho "PASS" gusa ntibihagije mugihe iterekanye ibyagenzuwe, kubisabwa, bivuye kuri datum, nuburyo ki, hamwe nigice cyakurikiranwe cyangwa kigenzurwa na lot.

Impamvu inyandiko yinyandiko idahita iba urunigi rwibimenyetso

Inkunga nini yahimbwe inyura mu gutegura ibikoresho, gukora, guhuza, gusudira, kugenzura hagati, gukora, kugenzura ibipimo, kurangiza, no gupakira. Buri cyiciro gishobora kubyara inyandiko, ariko izo nyandiko ni ingirakamaro gusa iyo zerekeza kubisobanuro bimwe byibicuruzwa. Icyemezo cyibikoresho kidashobora gukurikiranwa ku isahani yaciwe, raporo yikigereranyo idafite igishushanyo mbonera, cyangwa urupapuro rwa NDT rudafite aho rusudira rusiga icyuho.

Intego yumuguzi ntabwo ari ugukuza impapuro nyinshi. Nugushiraho urunigi rukurikiranwa rwerekana ko ibice byatanzwe byakozwe kandi byemewe kubisabwa byumvikanyweho. Urunigi rugomba gusobanurwa mbere yumusaruro, kuko kubura ibimenyetso biragoye kwiyubaka nyuma yo gutwikira no koherezwa.

Gahunda nziza yingirakamaro igenera buri cyangombwa inyandiko, icyiciro kibishinzwe, hamwe nokwemera. Irerekana kandi ingingo zifatika cyangwa abatangabuhamya aho umuguzi, utanga isoko, cyangwa umugenzuzi wundi muntu agomba gukora mbere yuko akazi gatangira.

Tangira nibiranga ibicuruzwa no kugenzura igishushanyo

Ibimenyetso byubugenzuzi bifite agaciro gake keretse iyo bihujwe nuburyo bwibanze bwa tekiniki. Porogaramu yo kurekura igomba kwerekana gahunda yo kugura cyangwa umushinga, umubare wigice, gushushanya igishushanyo, gusubiramo ibishushanyo, ingano, hamwe nigice cyangwa ubufindo. Iyo icyitegererezo cya 3D, ikarita yo gusudira, igishushanyo mbonera, cyangwa ibisobanuro byongeweho bigenzura igice cyakazi, isubiramo ryacyo naryo rigomba kuba risobanutse.

Gutandukana byemewe bikeneye kugaragara gutandukanye. Utanga isoko arashobora kwerekana ibitagenda neza, kubona ibyemezo byubuhanga, no gutanga igice cyemewe mubuhanga. Ibyo bitandukanye no guceceka guhindura ibiranga cyangwa kwandika izina risabwa nyuma yukuri. Abaguzi bagomba gusaba gutandukana cyangwa kugabanyirizwa ibintu, ibintu byagize ingaruka, imyitwarire, imiterere yemewe, no guhuza igice cyangwa ubufindo.

Mbere yo kwemererwa kohereza, reba neza:

• raporo umutwe uhuza gahunda yo kugura, umubare wigice, hamwe no gushushanya;
• ingano yagenzuwe ihuye nicyitegererezo cyumvikanyweho cyangwa ibisabwa 100 ku ijana;
• igice, urukurikirane, ubushyuhe, icyiciro, cyangwa ibindi biranga byumvikanyweho bihuza inyandiko kubicuruzwa;
• gufungura gutandukana cyangwa ibitagenda neza biragaragara aho guhishwa mumutwe wa imeri;
• Igishushanyo cyasimbuwe hamwe nubugenzuzi bwinyandiko ntibisohoka mubisohoka.

Saba ibikoresho bifatika bikomeza guhimbwa

Ibimenyetso bifatika mubisanzwe bitangirana nicyemezo gisabwa cyangwa inyandiko zitangwa zisabwa nubuguzi. Ikibazo cyingenzi nukuntu indangamuntu yimurwa nyuma yisahani cyangwa ibikoresho byaciwe mo uduce duto. Inomero yicyemezo yonyine ntabwo yerekana ko icyemezo ari icyigize gusuzumwa.

Sisitemu y'abatanga isoko igomba kubika indangamuntu yumvikanyweho binyuze mu gukata, guhuza, gusudira, gutunganya, no kugenzura bwa nyuma. Urwego nyarwo rwo gukurikiranwa rushingiye ku masezerano n'ingaruka; abaguzi ntibagomba gutekereza ko buri bucuruzi bugomba gukenera inyandiko imwe. Bagomba, ariko, gusobanura icyiciro cyibikoresho bisabwa, ubwoko bwicyemezo aho bibaye ngombwa, uburyo bwo kumenyekanisha, hamwe nibiteganijwe-kubika inyandiko mbere yuko itegeko risohoka.

Niba gusimburwa bishoboka, inzira yo kwemererwa igomba kuba isobanutse. Ibikoresho byo murwego rutandukanye, ubunini, cyangwa imiterere yabyo ntibigomba gufatwa nkibingana gusa kuko bishobora gusudwa cyangwa gutunganywa. Isimburwa ryose rigomba gukurikiza inzira yumuguzi wemewe.

Gutandukanya ibimenyetso byiza byo gusudira nibimenyetso bifatika

Kugenzura gusudira no kugenzura ibipimo bisubiza ibibazo bitandukanye. Weld records yerekana niba ingingo zarakozwe kandi zigasuzumwa zisabwa gusudira byumvikanyweho. Ibipimo byerekana byerekana niba imiterere yuzuye hamwe ninteruro zayo zujuje ibyashushanyije. Igisubizo cyiza mukarere kamwe ntabwo gisubiza kunanirwa mukindi.

Iyo bisabwa n'amasezerano, ibimenyetso byo gusudira birashobora kuba bikubiyemo uburyo bwemewe bwo kwemeza, gusudira cyangwa ibikorwa byujuje ibyangombwa, kugenzura ibicuruzwa cyangwa kugenzura ibintu, kugenzura neza cyangwa kubanza gusudira, amakarita yo gusudira, inyandiko zerekana ubugenzuzi, raporo zerekana ibizamini bidafite ishingiro, hamwe no gusana inyandiko. Abaguzi bagomba gusaba gusa inyandiko zijyanye no kugena imiterere na gahunda nziza; gukoporora ibyemezo byose bivuye muri sisitemu yabatanga birashobora guhisha ibintu bifite akamaro.

Ubugenzuzi bugaragara busanzwe bugenzura imiterere yubuso bugaragara hamwe nakazi, ariko ntabwo ihita isimbuza ubundi buryo bwa NDT. Uburyo bukwiye, urugero, igihe, no kwemerwa biterwa nibikoresho, geometrike ihuriweho, uburebure, inzira yo gusudira, ibisabwa na serivisi, n'amasezerano. Amabwiriza yikiringiti nka "kora NDT yuzuye" ntabwo yuzuye keretse uburyo, ubwishingizi, ahantu wasudiwe, ishingiro ryokwemerwa, nibiteganijwe gutanga raporo bisobanuwe.

Niki raporo ya NDT yemerera umuguzi kugenzura?

Raporo ya NDT igomba kwerekana ibigize hamwe n’ahantu ho gusudira cyangwa gusuzumirwa, uburyo nuburyo bukoreshwa, itariki, urugero rwibizamini, ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoreshwa aho bikenewe, kumenyekanisha abakozi no kwerekana impamyabumenyi, ibisabwa byemewe, ibisubizo, imyifatire, hamwe n’ahantu hose hasanwe bisaba kongera gusuzuma. Igishushanyo cyaho, amakarita yo gusudira, cyangwa amafoto yanditseho birashobora gufasha guhuza ibimenyetso no gusana imiterere nyayo.

Amagambo nka "yemewe" cyangwa "nta nenge" akeneye imiterere. Ibipimo byo gusudira bikunze gutandukanya ubusembwa kubwoko no kurwego rwiza, mugihe ubuziranenge bwa serivisi bugenewe bukomeza kuba icyemezo cyubwubatsi. Abaguzi bagomba kwirinda guhindura urwego rusange rwiza mubwishingizi rusange. Amasezerano cyangwa igishushanyo bigomba gusobanura ishingiro ryokwemerwa kubigize.

Niba uwatanze isoko asannye gusudira, urunigi rwibimenyetso rugomba kwerekana ibyabonetse mbere, ibyemezo byemewe, uburyo bwo gusana aho bikenewe, gusana ahantu, gusuzumwa nyuma yo gusanwa, ibisubizo, no gufunga. Raporo yanyuma isukuye idafite amateka yo gusana irashobora kubuza umuguzi kwemeza ko ibitagenze neza byagenzuwe.

Ku mishinga iri muri guterura no gutunganya ibice bigize imiterere, logique imwe ya troncable igomba gutwara kuva kugenzurwa ryibikoresho binyuze mumurongo wanyuma wo gusohora. Ubujyakuzimu nyabwo burashobora gutandukana, ariko urunigi ubwabwo rugomba kuguma rudahwitse.

Saba ibisubizo bingana murwego rwo guterana

Umunara wa crane yo hepfo ni intera yinteko, kubwibyo isano iranga akenshi ni ngombwa kuruta ibipimo byitaruye. Bore irashobora kuba yujuje diameter isabwa mugihe umurongo wacyo ujyanye nabi no kuzamuka mumaso. Umuyoboro utari muto ushobora kugaragara ko byemewe mugihe wapimwe uhereye kumaduka yoroshye ariko bikananirana nkicyitegererezo mugihe ibice byashizweho kumashusho.

Gahunda yimiterere igomba rero kubyara sisitemu yumvikanyweho. Kuri a umunara crane munsi yo gushyigikira gusudira, umuguzi agomba kumenya igishushanyo-gisobanuwe neza kigenzura inteko kandi akabaza uburyo utanga isoko azabona, icyerekezo, kandi akabuza igice cyo kugenzura. Ibiranga neza no kwihanganira bigomba kuva ku gishushanyo cyagenzuwe; ntibagomba guhimbwa uhereye kubisobanuro rusange byibicuruzwa.

Raporo yingirakamaro ni ngirakamaro cyane iyo yerekana indangagaciro zapimwe aho gutambuka / gutsindwa gusa. Igomba kwerekana ibiranga, ibisabwa nominal hamwe no kwihanganira, ibisubizo nyabyo, datum cyangwa gushiraho, ibikoresho cyangwa uburyo bwo gupima, itariki, umugenzuzi, hamwe nigice cyangwa byinshi. Kuri geometrike igoye, igishushanyo cyerekana neza igishushanyo cyangwa igishushanyo cya ballon bifasha abaguzi guhuza raporo imirongo yo gushushanya ibisabwa.

Reba uburyo bwo gupima, ntabwo ari izina ryibikoresho gusa

Ubushobozi bwibikoresho bugomba guhuza ibiranga, kwihanganira, igipimo, nibidukikije. Imashini yo gupima imashini, ukuboko kugendanwa, laser tracker, bore igipimo, uburebure bwikigereranyo, cyangwa ibikoresho byabigenewe birashobora kuba byiza muburyo bukoreshwa. Ikirango cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryonyine ntabwo ritanga ibisubizo byemewe.

Kuri buri kintu cyingenzi kiranga, umuguzi agomba kumva uburyo igice gishyigikiwe, uko imibare yashizweho, amanota cyangwa ibice bipimirwa aho bibaye ngombwa, kandi niba ubushyuhe, guhindagurika, imiterere yubuso, cyangwa kwinjira bishobora kugira ingaruka kubisubizo. Ibikoresho byo gupima bigomba kumenyekana, kandi kalibrasi cyangwa igenzura ryayo bigomba kuba byujuje gahunda yumvikanyweho.

Imiterere yo gukomera nayo ifite akamaro. Gusudira byoroshye birashobora kugaragara ko byemewe mugihe uhatiwe kurwanya ibintu hanyuma ukagenda nyuma yo kurekurwa. Iyo iyi ngaruka ifite akamaro, gahunda yubugenzuzi irashobora gukenera cheque mbere na nyuma yo kudafungura. Uburyo bukenewe bugomba kumvikana kubikorwa byo gushushanya no guteranya aho gushyirwaho nkitegeko rusange.

Koresha ibimenyetso-ingingo ya mbere kugirango wemeze inzira yumusaruro

Igenzura ryingingo ya mbere rigomba gukora ibirenze kwerekana ko igice kimwe gishobora gukorwa. Igomba kwemeza imiterere yinyandiko izashyigikira ibyateganijwe. Abaguzi barashobora gukoresha ingingo yambere kugirango bemeze gushushanya balloning, gushiraho datum, uburyo bwo kugenzura, gutanga raporo-agaciro nyayo, gusudira na NDT gukurikiranwa, gufata inzira, hamwe nuburyo bwa paki yanyuma yo gusohora.

Bimaze kwemezwa, gahunda yubugenzuzi igomba gusobanura ibigenzurwa kuri buri gice, ibishobora guterwa ubufindo, nibisabwa guhagarara, nibiki bitera ubugenzuzi bwinyongera. Ibi byemezo biterwa nigishushanyo, ibisobanuro bikurikizwa, gukura kwumusaruro, gutezimbere inzira, hamwe ningaruka zabaguzi. Ntibagomba gusimbuzwa imvugo uko bishakiye ko buri kintu kiranga buri gihe cyakira urwego rumwe rwo kugenzura.

Kubisubiramo, gereranya inyandiko zubu hamwe ningingo ya mbere yemewe. Guhindura inkomoko yibikoresho, uburyo bwo gusudira, imiterere, inzira yo gutunganya, uburyo bwo gupima, cyangwa abashoramari barashobora gukenera gusubirwamo mugihe amasezerano cyangwa gahunda yubuziranenge ibifata nkimpinduka zagenzuwe.

Sobanura ibicuruzwa byoherejwe muri RFQ

Igihe cyumvikana cyo kwemeranya ibimenyetso ni mbere yo kugena no gutanga umusaruro. Umuguzi RFQ agomba kuvuga ibishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibisobanuro byavuguruwe, igice cyangwa uburinganire bwakurikiranwe, ibyemezo bisabwa, inyandiko zasuditswe, uburyo bwa NDT hamwe nurwego aho bikenewe, imiterere ya raporo yerekana, agaciro-nyako gasabwa, gupima amakuru y'ibikoresho, ibiteganijwe mu ngingo ya mbere, gufata ingingo, inzira yo gutandukana, kugenzura ibipapuro, hamwe no kubika inyandiko.

Saba uwatanze isoko gusubiza igenzura na gahunda y'ibizamini cyangwa ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bifunga buri cyifuzo. Ibi bituma ibivugwa byagereranywa cyane kuko abatanga ibiciro bagereranya igipimo kimwe. Iragaragaza kandi ibitekerezo hakiri kare - urugero, niba NDT irimo, niba ibipimo byoroshye bisabwa, cyangwa niba umuguzi ategereje raporo yuzuye yingingo ya mbere.

Abaguzi barashobora gutanga ibishushanyo nibisabwa binyuze muri WLD umunara crane ushyigikira umushinga wiperereza. Shyiramo igice no gushushanya gusubiramo, ingano yumubare, gahunda isabwa yo kugenzura, ibisabwa byemewe, urwego rushobora gukurikiranwa, imiterere ya raporo, gufata ingingo, hamwe nibisabwa byoherejwe-byoherejwe. Utanga ibicuruzwa arashobora noneho gusuzuma imbibi zerekana ibimenyetso hamwe no guhimba no gutunganya mbere yo kwemeza ibivugwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Raporo yikigereranyo yanditseho "PASS" irahagije?

Ntabwo ari kuri buri mushinga. Kubiterane-bikomeye, abaguzi bagomba gusaba agaciro nyako, ibisabwa nominal hamwe no kwihanganira, ibiranga ibiranga, gushiraho datum, uburyo bwo gupima, no kumenya ibikoresho. Gutambuka / kunanirwa byonyine birashobora guhisha uburyo igisubizo cyegereye imipaka kandi niba igishushanyo mbonera cyerekanwe neza.

Igenzura rya weld ryerekanwa risimbuza ibizamini bidafite ishingiro?

Oya. Kugenzura amashusho nubundi buryo bwa NDT bukemura ibintu bitandukanye bigaragara. Uburyo bukenewe nubunini bigomba gukurikiza igishushanyo, amasezerano, ibisobanuro bisobanutse, ibikoresho, igishushanyo mbonera, hamwe nibisabwa bya serivisi. Igenzura ryerekanwa ntirigomba gutangwa nkikimenyetso cyimiterere yimbere.

Buri minara ya crane inkunga yo hasi igomba kwakira ubugenzuzi bumwe?

Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Gahunda irashobora guhuza ingingo ya mbere, kuri buri gice, hamwe na cheque ishingiye kuri byinshi ukurikije ibisabwa bigenzurwa ningaruka zumusaruro. Ibintu byingenzi biranga, ibizamini byemewe n'amategeko cyangwa amasezerano, hamwe nabaguzi bafite amanota aracyakeneye ubwishingizi bwihariye. Icyitegererezo kigomba kumvikana, cyanditswe, kandi kigahuzwa na byinshi byasobanuwe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bikenewe nyuma yo gusanwa?

Ipaki igomba kwerekana ibyabonetse mbere, aho biherereye, imyifatire yemewe, ibikorwa byo gusana cyangwa inzira aho bikenewe, abakozi bashinzwe, ibizamini nyuma yo gusana, ibisubizo, no gufunga. Igice cyasanwe cyangwa ubufindo bigomba kuguma bikurikiranwa kuri izo nyandiko binyuze mubisohoka bwa nyuma.